Question 12: In the context of the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development for which of the following Ocean Decade Challenges are capacity development needs greatest in your country?

Country

Institution/Organization:

Job Title:

Gender:

CHALLENGE 1: Understand and map land and sea-based sources of pollutants and contaminants and their potential impacts on human health and ocean ecosystems and develop solutions to remove or mitigate them.

CHALLENGE 2: Understand the effects of multiple stressors on ocean ecosystems, and develop solutions to monitor, protect, manage and restore ecosystems and their biodiversity under changing environmental, social and climate conditions.

CHALLENGE 3: Generate knowledge, support innovation, and develop solutions to optimise the role of the ocean in sustainably feeding the world’s population under changing environmental, social and climate conditions.

CHALLENGE 4: Generate knowledge, support innovation, and develop solutions for equitable and sustainable development of the ocean economy under changing environmental, social and climate conditions.

CHALLENGE 5: Enhance understanding of the ocean-climate nexus and generate knowledge and solutions to mitigate, adapt and build resilience to the effects of climate change across all geographies and at all scales, and to improve services including predictions for the ocean, climate and weather.

CHALLENGE 6: Enhance multi-hazard early warning services for all geophysical, ecological, biological, weather, climate and anthropogenic related ocean and coastal hazards, and mainstream community preparedness and resilience.

CHALLENGE 7: Ensure a sustainable ocean observing system across all ocean basins that delivers accessible, timely, and actionable data and information to all users.

CHALLENGE 8: Through multi-stakeholder collaboration, develop a comprehensive digital representation of the ocean, including a dynamic ocean map, which provides free and open access for exploring, discovering, and visualizing past, current, and future ocean conditions in a manner relevant to diverse stakeholders.

CHALLENGE 9: Ensure comprehensive capacity development and equitable access to data, information, knowledge and technology across all aspects of ocean science and for all stakeholders.

CHALLENGE 10: Ensure that the multiple values and services of the ocean for human wellbeing, culture, and sustainable development are widely understood, and identify and overcome barriers to behaviour change required for a step change in humanity’s relationship with the ocean.

Chile

Directorate of Maritime Interest and Aquatic Environment

Head Department Aquatic Environment Protection, Pollution Response and Climate Change

male

Essential

Very Important

Of Some Importance

Very Important

Essential

Very Important

Not Important

Of Some Importance

Colombia

Colombian Ocean Commission

Executive Secretary and Antarctic Program Director

Male

Of Some Importance

Very Important

Essential

Very Important

Essential

Very Important

Ecuador

INSTITUTO OCEANOGRAFICO Y ANTARTICO DE LA ARMADA

INVESTIGADOR OCEANOGRAFICO

FEMALE

Very Important

Essential

Of Some Importance

Essential

Of Some Importance

Essential

Very Important

Ecuatorial Guinea

Ministry of Fisheries and Water Resources

Geological engineer

Female

Not Important

Not Necessary

Not Important

Not Necessary

Egypt

National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries

Prof. of Marine Pollution

Female

Essential

Very Important

Essential

Very Important

Essential

Estonia

Ministry of the Environment

Adviser

Female

Essential

Very Important

Essential

Very Important

France

Ministère de la Transition Ecologique et de la Cohésion des Territoires

Secrétariat du Comité national français pour la COI

Female

Very Important

Of Some Importance

Very Important

Of Some Importance

Not Important

Very Important

Ghana

Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) -Water Research Institute

Director

Male

Essential

Of Some Importance

Very Important

Not Important

Not Necessary

Of Some Importance

Not Important

Honduras

National Center of Atmospheric, Ocanic and Seismic Studies

Director

Male

Essential

Very Important

Essential

Very Important

India

INCOIS

Director

Male

Of Some Importance

Not Important

Of Some Importance

Not Necessary

Not Important

Japan

Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)

Director for Deep Sea-Earth Scientific Research

Male

Essential

Of Some Importance

Essential

Of Some Importance

Kuwait

Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research

Principal Research Scentist

Female

Essential

Very Important

Essential

Myanmar

Department of Meteorology and Hydrology

Deputy Director

Male

Very Important

Of Some Importance

Very Important

Essential

Very Important

Of Some Importance

Essential

Of Some Importance

Poland

Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences

Deputy Director for Reserch

male

Essential

Of Some Importance

Not Important

Very Important

Of Some Importance

Very Important

Not Important

Of Some Importance

Not Important

Tanzania, United Republic of,

Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam

Professor

Male

Essential

Venezuela

Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC)

Research Staff

Female

Essential

Very Important

Essential

Very Important

Essential